What is social anxiety?

Impacting around 7% of Australians in the last 12 months, people living with social anxiety disorder (also known as social phobia) experience high levels of distress in social settings. This distress is often based on a fear of being judged by others or made to feel embarrassed.

While it’s common for many people to experience shyness in life – like when giving a speech or presentation – the intensity is much higher and more frequent for people with social anxiety, often disproportionate to the situation.

If you have found yourself frequently avoiding social situations, fearful of being judged, or feeling self-conscious when around other people, you may be experiencing social anxiety. Read on to learn more about the signs, causes, and support available.

What causes social anxiety?

There are a range of factors which can contribute to the onset of social anxiety, both internal and external. Some research suggests a genetic history of social anxiety can increase the likelihood of developing it by about 30%.

Children who are particularly shy or timid may also be at an increased risk as they approach teenage years, when the onset is most common for social anxiety.

Our environment and relationships are also a key factor. Some people who experience bullying, mistreatment or public humiliation may also develop social anxiety.

Signs and symptoms of social anxiety

People with social anxiety may experience a broad range of physical, emotional, and behavioural symptoms, including:

• Rapid heart rate
• Increased sweating
• Feeling dizzy or faint
• Trembling or stuttering
• Blushing
• Talking at a very soft volume
• Stomach and bowel issues
• Avoiding social situations
• Feeling self-conscious when eating in front of others
• Stiff body language
• Difficulty making eye contact
• Fearful of being judged negatively by others
• Deep urges to flee social situations

Common triggers for social anxiety

Often people with social anxiety will feel fearful or actively avoid certain environments or situations if they are concerned it will trigger their distress. Common examples of these include (but are not limited to):

• Starting up a conversation
• Speaking out in a group
• Meeting new people
• Being in a crowd
• Being watched while doing something (such as eating or talking)
• Attending social events
• Using public facilities (such as the toilets)
• Public speaking
• Talking to someone in a position of power or authority

Treatments and supports available

With appropriate supports, many people with social anxiety can recover or significantly reduce their symptoms to a manageable level. If you are concerned or want to learn more, the best first step is to talk with a health professional such as your GP. You can also reach out to our counsellors for advice. Typical treatment options for people with social anxiety disorder include learning anxiety management techniques, cognitive behavioural therapy, support groups and medications. It is also often advised to avoid or limit substances like alcohol as they can make things worse.

Don’t let it build up. SuicideLine Victoria is a free 24/7 telephone and online crisis counselling service offering professional support to people who are concerned about their emotional and mental health. Call 1300 651 251. If it is an emergency, call 000.